Kingdoms and Empires referred to in Daniel

With dates of interest

A. Israel

1. 1095 BC – Beginning of the kingdom – Saul becomes the first king

2. 606 BC – Nebuchadnezzars First invasion – beginning of the servitude.

3. 589 BC Nebuchadnezzars last invasion – beginning of the desolations.

4. 536 BC – First year of Cyrus – end of the servitude

5. 520 BC – The foundation of the temple was laid – end of the desolations

B. Babylon

1. 625 BC – Nabopolassae begins to rule in Babylon

2. 606 BC – Nabopolassars son, Nebuchadnezzar, ruled as co-regent, invades Israel and takes many captives including Daniel and his friends

3. 604 BC – Nabopolassar dies

4. 603 BC – Nebuchadnezzars first dream – the great image

5. 599 BC – Nebuchadnezzar invades Israel again and takes away the treasures of the temple

6. 588 BC – Nebuchadnezzar invades Israel and burns the temple

7. 562 BC – Evil-Merodach, Nebuchadnezzars son begins to reign

8. 559 BC – Neriglissar, Evil-Meordoachs son begins to reign

9. 556 BC – Laborosoarchod, Neriglissars son begins to reign – and reigns nine months and is slain

10. 555 BC – Nabonidus, a usurper, Nebuchadnezzars son-in-law begins to reign

11. 538 BC – Babylon in taken by the Medes and Belshazaar, his fathers co-regent, is slain while his father is away at the battle

C. Medes and Persians

1. 633 BC – Cyaxares or Ahasueres reigns in Media. Daniel 9:1

2. 600 BC – Medes and Persians unite to defeat the Assyrians.

3. 593 BC – Astyages or Darius the Mede reigns in Media.

4. 558 BC – Cyrus king of Persia takes control of the empire. 2Chron. 36:20-23

5. 538 BC – Babylon is taken by darius the Mede.

6. 536 BC – Cyrus reigns at Babylon. Ezra 1:1

7. 529 BC – Cambysesor or Ahasuerus reigns. Ezra 4:6

8. 522 BC – Gomates the Mede or Artaxerexees reigns. Ezra 4:7

9. 521 BC – Darius Hystaspes reigns. Ezra 5:5 Haggai. 1:1

10. 485 BC – Xeres or Ahasuerus reigns. Esther

11. 475 BC – Artabanus reigns 7 Mo.

12. 474 BC – Artaxerxes Longimanus reigns. Ezra

13. 445 BC – The command was given to rebuild Jerusalem.

14. 425 BC – Xerxes II reigns 2 Mo. Then Sogdianus reigns

15. 424 BC – Darius II reigns Nehemiah 12:22

16. 405 BC – Artaxerxes II or Mnemon reigns.

17. 359 BC – Artaxerxes III or Ochus reigns.

18. 338 BC – Arses reigns.

19. 334 BC – Darius II or Codomonus is defeated by Alexander the Great, the Emperor of Greece.

D. Greek

1. 338 BC – Philip II of Macedonia conquered Greece.

2. 334 BC – Alexander the Great, Son of Philip II conquered the Medio-Persian empire.

3. 323 BC – Alexander dies of malaria and his empire is divided by four of his generals.

a) Syria in the North.

b) Egypt in the South.

c) Greece to the West.

d) Turkey (Thrace) to the Northwest.

4. 311 BC – Quarrels among the generals weakens the kingdom.

5. 197 BC – Rome conquers Macedonia and Greece.

6. 175 BC – 164 BC – Antiochus Epiphanes rules in Syria.

7. 148 BC – Macedonia becomes a Roman province.

8. 146 BC – Greece becomes a Roman province.

E. Roman

1. Dates of interest

a) 500 BC – The city of Rome begins to conquer neighboring tribes and Greek colonies, forming a league for protection.

b) 400 BC – Rome controls central Italy.

c) 390 BC – Gauls invade Rome and burn the city.

d) 241 BC – Rome expands South and takes Sicily from Catrthage.

e) 216 BC – Hannibal, of Carthage, takes Spain from Rome and taking his troops and elephants over the Alps, invades Italy from the North.

f) 202 BC – Rome invades Carthage and draws Hannibal home and defeats him there.

g) 197 BC – Having put down all other enemies, Rome turns to take the weakened Greek empire.

h) 150 BC – Carthage rebels and Rome destroys the city.

i) 146 BC – Greece becomes a roman province.

j) 32 AD – Jesus is crucified.

k) 70 AD – Titus destroys Jerusalem.

l) 313 AD – Constantine grants religious toleration to the Christians.

m) 476 AD – Romulus is killed by a German chieftain, Odoacer, and the Roman Empire crumbles into many little kingdoms.

2. Forms of government

a) 753 BC – Kings having limited power and elected by the senate.

b) 509 BC – 2 Counselors or Magistrates having equal power and elected by the senate for one year

c) 498 BC – Dictators elected by the senate and having absolute power for six months during an emergency.

d) 451 BC – Decemvirs, a ruling body of ten magistrates elected by the senate with limited power.

e) 444 BC – Counselor Tribunes elected by the people to protect their interests. Various numbers would govern at any one time.

f) 31 BC – Governed by Emperors, some by force, some by inheritance and some by popular vote. Once in office they had absolute power for life. This was the type of government during the time of the New Testament. Revelation 17:10

g) 476 AD – Democracy, The imperial form of government crumbled and smaller areas governed themselves, eventually developing into the mixture of royalty and democracy we see today.

h) 2000(+?) AD – the imperial form of government will be reinstated with some modifications.

i) 2000(+?) AD+7 – The everlasting kingdom of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, ruling not only Rome but also the whole world.